Neuroética contemporánea, pluralismo epistémico y justicia cognitiva: una revisión crítica desde la gobernanza del conocimiento.
Resumen
Durante 2019–2024, la neuroética vivió una profunda transformación epistemológica marcada por críticas al universalismo moral y al reduccionismo neurobiológico. Este capítulo analiza este giro desde una perspectiva pluriepistémica, destacando la necesidad de integrar dimensiones culturales, históricas y políticas en el estudio de la mente, la moralidad y la agencia. Se identifican cinco ejes clave: la expansión hacia una neuroética social y situada; el enfoque intercultural y global; la incorporación de metodologías mixtas y participativas; el fortalecimiento del pluralismo epistémico y la justicia cognitiva; y el surgimiento de agendas decoloniales. También se exploran implicaciones éticas y políticas relativas a derechos cognitivos, soberanía mental y gobernanza neurotecnológica. Se propone finalmente una neuroética transdisciplinaria orientada a la justicia epistémica y al diálogo entre saberes.
Citas
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