Innovation and productive transformation in agriculture in the face of non-tariff measures.

Abstract

This article presents a theoretical review to analyze the relationship between agricultural innovation and non-tariff measures (NTMs), with a focus on the case of Tabasco. It was a descriptive and analytical document-based research study, utilizing 35 academic and institutional sources obtained from open-access databases and organizations such as FAO, OECD, IICA, and UNCTAD. The results show that innovation—in its product, process, organizational, and marketing dimensions—is a key strategy for addressing regulatory requirements, while also strengthening competitiveness in global markets. Factors such as human capital, strategic alliances, and technological adoption are crucial for enabling NTMs to act as catalysts for modernization, rather than merely as trade barriers.